What is a needs analysis?
According to Nunan (1988), a needs analysis contains the
following 3 elements;
·
An analysis of the
learner’s language.
·
Information about the
learner.
·
Beliefs about the learning
process .
Why do needs analysis?
·
To help negotiate the gap
between learners ‘and teachers’ beliefs about language English learning
·
To encourage the student to
think about their reasons and motivations for learning English
·
To determine the gap
between what the learner wants/ needs to do with the language and what he/ she
is currently able to do (Nunan 1988).
·
To inform the teacher’s
planning decision:
§
To help identify learning
goals
§
To help select/ adapt/
create relevant and useful course content.
·
To find out about your
student(s) e.g. their background, experience, job, intrests
When should we do a needs analysis?
·
Before a course.
·
The first day of the
course.
·
Every activity/ lesson.
What to include in a needs analysis at the beginning of a
course?
·
Previous/ background.
·
Motivation
·
Availability
·
Areas for improvement
·
Needs and wants
·
Learning (or teaching)
style or preferences
·
Level
·
Beliefs about learning
process
Task; order the above from the most
important to least important, 1 being the most important, 8 being
the least important.
Creating a needs analysis
Task; write one question for each of the categories
below;
·
Previous experience/
background
·
Motivation
·
Availability
·
Areas for improvement
·
Needs and wants
·
Learning (or teaching)
style or preferences
·
Level
·
Beliefs about learning
process
Sample questions
·
How long have you been
learning English?
·
Why do you want to learn
English?
·
When can you attend
classes?
·
What are your strengths in
English? What are your weaknesses?
·
What do you use English
for?
·
What kind of activities do
you like to do in class?
·
What is the best way to
learn a language?
Guidelines for writing needs analysis questions
·
Open-ended question (e.g.
“how do you feel about error correction?”)
·
Use graded language.
·
Avoid loaded question (e.g.
“why can you learn a language by memorizing vocabulary?” or “what was wrong
with your last teacher?”)
·
Avoid double barreled
questions (e.g. “what are your strengths and weakness?”)
Task; read the following written responses by
a student. What are the question?
·
I can write very good
·
Saturday is better time for
me
·
I’m no very good in
speaking
·
I use English for write. I
must write many e-mails.
·
I like talk. I don’t like
when the professor explains us the grammar all days.
·
I need English for many jobs.
Is very important for me.
·
I learning English since I
was child
·
Communication is the more
important way.
Answers
Task; base on this students responses:
1.
What are your strengths in
English? “I can write very good”
2.
When can you attend
classes? “Saturday is better time for me”
3.
What is your weakness? “ I’m
no very good in speaking”
4.
What do you use English
for? “I use English for write. I must to write many e-mails”
5.
What kind of activities do
you like to do in class? “I like talk. I don’t like when the professor explains
us the grammar all days”
6.
Why do you want to learn
English? “I need English for many jobs. Is very important for me”
7.
How long have you been
learning English? “I learning English since I was child”
8.
What is the best way to
learn a language? “Communication is the more important way”
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